Commutator



No. 625,202. Patented Ma'y I6, 1899.

' J.v RISBRIDGER.

CMMUTATOR.

(Application filed Mar. 22,'1899.)

(N0 Modal.)

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W/T/VESSES dwf A Harney'- wg annals PETERS co( wuo'ruvuwa. wAsHmaon. n. c.

- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. i

v JOHN RISBRIDGER, OF NORTH EAST, PENNSYLVANIA.

COMMUTATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 625,202, dated May 16, 1899.

Application filed March 22, 1899. Serial No. 710,084. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern/f Beit known that I, JOHN RISBRID GER, a citizen of the United States, residing at North East, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Commutator, of which the followingis a specification This invention is an improvement in commutators, relating more particularly to that class known as brush-commutators g and the object of the said invention is to provide a commutator in which the wearing or contact surfaces can be readily land conveniently renewed and in which the special construction and arrangement ofltheparts serve to maintain a constant circulation of air through the commutator to prevent overheating of the parts by the concentration of heat,these advantages being attained by a simple construction and arrangement of parts to produce a commutator at a minimum cost of manufacture and requiring but small running expense.

The invention contemplates a construction of commutator in which the body is formed -of a skeleton frame or hollow cylinder having open heads carrying short hubs by which said body is mounted on the shaft, said body or cylinder supporting stub-segments bolted thereon and insulated therefrom and electrically connected to the conducting-wires, wood or non-conducting segments located between the stub-segments, and plates or metal contactsegments secured upon the aforesaid stubsegments and arranged to hold the wood or non-conducting segments in place, together with supplemental heads having openings eX- tending at an angle therethrough and so disposed with-respect to the rotations of the commutator as to force a current of air through the body or cylinder and prevent overheating of the parts. Y

The following specification enters into a detail description of my invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters thereon which designate the difterent parts, and what I consider to be new in the particular construction and combination of parts is more specifically set forth in the appended claims.

In the' accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof, Figure 1 is a perspective view of venience in wiring and attaching the' stubsegments, which latter are the only parts that are permanently secured upon the cylinder. The shaft upon which the cylinder or body is mounted passes through the hubs af' d and is bolted thereto.

Around the circumference of the metal cylinder is placed a sheet of mica or other insu-y lating material, (designated by the letter 11,) and upon the same are mounted stub-segments C, bolted to the cylinder in the manner hereinafter described. These stub-segments are arranged in double series throughout the length of the cylinder, as shown, each series consisting of two segments disposed diametrically opposite each other, leaving spaces between their ends, which are occupied by the non-conducting segments D, which are preferably blocks of Wood or lignum-vitae. Said blocks are rabbeted at their ends, presenting lianges d, which abut against the stub-segments C. Each stub-segment is provided near its opposite ends with recesses c, which communicate with bolt-holes extending through the bottom part of the segment and through the cylinder, the bolt-hole through the cylinder being enlarged to receive a thimble or bushing e, of non-conducting material, to insu-late the connecting-bolt E from said cylinder;l The connecting-bolts which secure the stub-segments upon the cylinder are inserted from within said cylinder, and the threaded ends projecting into the recesses c receive the nuts. The conducting-wiresfare connected to the stub-segments, and for this purpose said stubs are provided with recesses c', communicating with holes which pass the cylinder, being provided with bushingsj". Upon the stub-segments C are placed the copper contact-segments G, which are removably attached to said stub-segments and overlap the end flanges d of the wooden blocks D. One end of each contact-plate overlaps the iianged end of one of the blocks and abuts against the body of said block, makinga close joint, while the other end of said segmentV overlaps the flanged end of the other block only a short distance, leaving a space which is partly filled by a copper wear-strip G. It will be noted, therefore, that the wooden blocks are held in place by the contact-segments, so that the removal of said segments also releases the blocks. It is well known that the contact-segments are susceptible to rapid Wear under the electrical and frictional action, and by the particular manner of supportingthe contact-segm ents, as hereinbefore described, they can be quickly renewed at small expense.

Upon the ends of the cylinder or shell A are placed liber plates'l-I, and covering said ber plates are metal caps l, forming the heads of the commutator, and each cap is provided with a series of holes i', extending through the same at an angle, the said angle being such with relation to the direction of rotation of the commutator as to draw air into one end of the cylinder and force it out at the other, the spokes a of said cylinder forming continuations of the air-passages. may be omitted, if desired. The cap at one end of the commutator is provided with a series of marginal holes t" through which the conducting-wires are led from the cylinder. The holes by extending through the head of the colnmutator at an angle, as hereinbefore described, serve to draw air into the cylinder or shell at one end and force it out at the other, maintaining a constant circulation of air through the com mutator during the operation of the same and will prevent overheating of the parts by keeping the shell or cylinder y cool.

From the foregoing description, in connec- V construction and manner of assembling the parts constituting the invention will be readily understood, and it will be seen that I provide a commutator in which the parts that receive the wear can be readily and conveniently renewed and that the shell or body portion is made light and durable, while leaving a space for the free'circulation of airinduced by the peculiar shape of the openings through the heads. The peculiar construction of my improved commutator also provides for producing the same at a nominal cost.

I am aware that it is not broadly new to provide a commutator with removable con- The caps l tact-plates for the purpose of renewing the wearing-surfaces but the improved construction and arrangement of parts, as herein shown and described, provides a commutator which will give the best results and is simple and cheap in construction.

Having thus particularly described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A comm utator, comprising a body or cylinder, stub-segments secured upon said cylinder, blocks having base-flanges at their ends and located between the stub-segments, and removable contact-segments attached to the stub-segments with their ends overlapping the anges of the blocks, substantially as shown and described.

2. Acommutator, comprising a body or cylinder, stub-segments secured upon said cylinder, blocks having base-flanges at their ends and located between the stub-segments, contact-segments removably-attached to the stubsegments with their ends overlapping the flanges of the blocks, and short plates located between an end of each contact-segment and the body of the adjoining block, substant-ially as shown and described.

3. A commutator, comprising a body or cylinder, stub-segments mounted upon the cylinder and provided with recesses near each end communicating with bolt-holes through the segment and cylinder, and bolts forming the connection between the aforesaid parts; together with blocks having base-flanges at their ends and located between the stub-segments, contact-segments removably attached to the stub-segments with their ends overlapping the flanges of the blocks, and short plates located between an end of each contact-segment and the body of the adjoining block, substantially as shown and described.

et. Acommutator,comprisingabodyorshell presenting a hollow cylinder with short hubs at each end, blocks and contact-segments mounted upon the cylinder, substantially as shown, the parts connecting the cylinder and hubs having openings therethrough extending at an angle, for the purpose set forth.

5. A commutator, comprising a hollow cylinder, short hubs at the ends of the cylinder and connected thereto by spokes forming openings extending at an angle, and caps on the ends of the cylinder providedwith openings forming a continuation of the opening between the spokes; together with blocks and contact-segments removably attached to the cylinder, substantially as shown and described.

6. A commutator, comprising a hollow body or cylinder, stub-segments bolted thereto, blocks located upon the cylinder between the stub-segments and provided with base-ilanges at their ends, contact-segments removably attached to the stub-segments with their ends IOO IIO

overlapping the flanged ends of the blocks, and short plates located between one end of each contact-segment and the body of the adjoining block; together with short hubs at the ends of the cylinder connected thereto by spokes forming openings extending at an angle, and Caps having openings therethrough at an angle to form a continuation of the aforesaid openings, substantially as shown and for the purpose set forth. 1o

In testimony whereof- I affix my signature in the presence of tWo Witnesses.

JOHN RISBRIDGER.l

Witnesses:

J. L. GREEN, JULIUs C. RICHARDSON. 

